پژوهش های برنامه و توسعه

پژوهش های برنامه و توسعه

توانمندسازی دولت در سیاست‏‌های حوزة سرمایه‏‌گذاری خارجی: کاربرد رویکرد PDIA برای اقتصاد ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
دانش‌‏آموختة دکتری اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
10.22034/pbr.2024.205540
چکیده
مسئلة سرمایه‌‏گذاری خارجی، جذب و رونق آن باتوجه به ضرورتی که برای رشد و توسعة اقتصادی دارد، همواره یکی از مسائلی بوده که دغدغة سیاست‌‏گذاران و دولت‏‌مردانِ ایران بوده است. در این راستا، دولت‏‌های مختلف بدون توجه لازم به قابلیت محیط اجرایی، اقدام به تصویب قوانین جدید، تزریق سرمایه‌‏های فیزیکی و انسانی فراوان در بخش عمومی و ترسیم اهداف و چشم‏‌اندازهای آرمانی می‏‌کنند که این موضوع نه‌‏تنها دستاورد قابل‏‌ملاحظه‌‏ای به‏‌همراه نداشته؛ بلکه ازطریق تحمیل وظایف طاقت‏‌فرسا بر محیط اجرایی، ظرفیت آن را مستهلک کرده است. بدین‏‌منظور مطالعة حاضر بااستفاده از رویکردی نوین؛ یعنی انطباق رفت و برگشتی مسئله‏‌محور (پدیا) نشان می‏‌دهد که نامناسب‌‏بودن پارادایم دولت نسبت به مسئلة سرمایه‌‏گذاری خارجی و تأکید بر راه‏‌حل‏‌محوری، تمرکز بر به‏‌کارگیری بهترین سرمش‏‌های تجربه‌‏شده در کشورهای دیگر، عدم درک مشترک بوروکرات‏‌ها از ظرفیت دولت، عدم توجه به بافت محلی و چگونگی تعامل بازیگران حاضر در عرصة کنش و عدم توجه اصلاح‌گران به ساختارهای اختیار، از مهم‏ترین دلایل ریشه‌‏ای قابلیت اجرایی ضعیف در حوزة سرمایه‏‌گذاری خارجی هستند. براساس نتایج حاصله، دولت باید مسئله‏‌محور باشد و از راه‏‌حل‌‏محوری اجتناب کند و هنگام سیاست‏‌گذاری به بافت محلی و کنشگران حاضر در عرصة کنش، توجه اساسی داشته باشد. لذا این مقاله، ضرورت به‌‏کارگیری راه‌کارهای مختلف هنگام رویارویی با چالش‏‌های مختلف را برجسته می‏‌سازد و به سیاست‏‌گذاران پیشنهاد می‌‏دهد هنگام تنظیم دستور کارهای سیاستی به توانایی محیط اجرایی نیز توجهی اساسی داشته و تنظیم و تدوین سیاست‏‌ها بر این مبنا باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Empowering the government in foreign investment policies: Application of PDIA Approach for Iran's Economy

نویسنده English

Reza Fazelian
PhD in Economics, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده English

The issue of foreign investment and its importance for economic growth and development has long been a concern for policymakers in Iran. To address this, various governments have enacted new laws, invested substantial physical and human capital into the public sector, and set ambitious goals and visions. However, these efforts often overlook the capacity of the executive environment, leading to minimal achievements. Instead, these initiatives have overburdened the executive system, draining its resources.
This study, using a new approach called Problem-Driven Iterative Adaptation (PDIA), highlights several key issues undermining the government's ability to attract foreign investment. These include the government's inappropriate paradigm regarding foreign investment, an overemphasis on centralized solutions, a reliance on practices from other countries without adapting them to local conditions, bureaucrats' lack of a shared understanding of the government's capacity, insufficient attention to the local context and the interactions of key actors, and reformers' disregard for existing authority structures.
The findings suggest that the government need to espouse a problem-oriented approach rather than a solution-oriented one. It is crucial to consider the local context and the key players involved when formulating policies. This article underscores the need for policymakers to tailor their strategies to the specific challenges they face and to align policy agendas with the actual capacity of the executive environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Foreign investment
building state capability
capability trap
PDIA approach
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